Green in middle distance are warmer and less gray

Green in middle distance are warmer and less gray, and use for these permanent blue, cadmium, light red, raw umber and ivory black.

The foreground greens are bright and warm, with sometimes accidental, cool, blue lights, and are made with Antwerp blue, cadmium, white, ivory black and vermilion, adding raw umber and burnt sienna in the shadows. Trunks and branches of trees are rather gray than brown in their general effect, though rich in their shadows. Paint these with raw umber, ivory black, silver white, cobalt, or permanent blue and burnt sienna, adding yellow ochre in the warmer touches and substituting madder lake for burnt sienna in the cooler tones. The proportions of the colors must of course be varied to suit the special character of the trees painted, using less black or white or red, etc., as the necessity suggests.

Distant greens are generally gray and cool in quality

The tones of the middle distance occupy a place between.

A few leaves in the foreground may be drawn in detail. The trunks of trees should be treated in the same way, and the small branches drawn in with a fine pointed brush where they are most prominently seen, and merely suggested in other parts.

A few combinations of color that may prove useful to the beginner are here given.

For blue skies use: Cobalt, silver white, a little light cadmium, a little madder lake and enough ivory black to give quality. Clouds are painted with silver white, yellow ochre, ivory black, light red and cobalt, adding madder lake in the cooler tones, and burnt sienna in the deep shadows.

Distant greens are generally gray and cool in quality.  For these use permanent blue, cadmium, silver white, madder lake, and  ivory black, adding burnt sienna in the shadows.